將來式中Shall與Will的區別
當您想用英語談論未來時,可以使用多種形式,包括現在進行時、‘be going to’、‘will’ 和 ‘shall’。‘Will’ 和 ‘shall’ 在許多方面是最容易使用的,因為它們的結構簡單,但它們也容易混淆。那么它們的區別是什麼,您應該在什麼時候使用它們?繼續閱讀以了解更多。
Will
用來表達未來的最基本和最常見的形式是「will」。使用「will」的結構很簡單,因為它對所有主語相同,您不需要對動詞做任何變化。
要構成否定形式,我們添加「not」:
要構成疑問形式,我們需要將主語和「will」顛倒:
我們在以下情況下使用「will」:
a) 描述未來
- We’ll be at the hotel until 8pm.
- The trains will be late today because of the bad weather.
- How long will you stay in Hong Kong?
- He’ll send us the report when he has all the data.
b) 做出預測
- The world population will grow a lot in the next 50 years.
- I think I’ll stay in this company until I retire.
- She doesn’t think she’ll pass the exam.
- Who do you think will win the tournament?
c) 表達說話時所做的決定
- I’ll have the vegetable soup please.
- (The phone rings) I’ll answer it.
- So that’s the plan – we’ll check the sales figures and you check the expenses.
- Jean’s over there. I’ll just go and say ‘hello’ before we leave.
d) 提出請求
- Will you bring some more water please?
- Will you come to the appointment with me?
- Will you be quiet please? I’m trying to make an important phone call.
- You’ll give me a hand with dinner, won’t you?
e) 做出承諾和提議
- I’ll call you when I get home.
- She’ll help you finish the work, don’t worry.
- We’ll send you the goods as soon as possible.
- Lee and Kim will show you around the city.
f) 描述條件短語的結果:
- If it rains, I’ll take my umbrella,
- If they win the next match, they’ll go through to the final.
- Will she come to dinner if I invite her?
- We won’t mind if you arrive late.
Shall
在過去,「shall」經常作為「will」的替代選擇,您可以在許多著名的文學作品中找到「shall」的例子。但在現代英語中,我們通常更喜歡使用「will」來構成肯定句和否定句。然而,我們仍然使用「shall」來與「I」和「we」一起形成疑問句,特別是在英式英語中。
我們以與「will」相同的方式來構成「shall」的句子。
否定形式是通過添加「not」來形成的:
縮寫形式「shan’t」通常在口語英語中使用,但在書面形式中很少見。
我們通過顛倒主語和「shall」來構成疑問句。這是所有主語的疑問形式,儘管我們通常只在與 I 和 we 一起的疑問句中使用「shall」:
我們在以下情況下使用「shall」:
a) 用於表達提議,使用 I/we。
- Shall I make some lunch?
- Shall we help you with your bags?
- Where shall I drop you off? Outside your office?
- Shall I water your plants while you’re away?
b) 用於表達建議,使用 I/we。
- Shall we go to the park later?
- Shall we have something to eat?
- Who shall we invite to the party?
- What shall we do after we’ve watched the film?
c) 表達正式義務
- Applicants shall provide evidence of their qualifications.
- Guests shall not remove anything from the rooms.
- The tenant shall pay the agreed amount on the first day of every month.
- The accused shall appear in court again on 26th October.
d) 做出承諾
- I shall never forget the help you gave me.
- I shan’t be late.
- We shall do everything we can to solve the problem.
- He shan’t be long. Do have a seat while you wait.
e) 非常正式地描述未來
- We shall overcome this difficult moment.
- The tests shall be carried out by an independent body.
- Mr Lopez shall begin his talk at 2:30pm.
- Access to the city center shall be limited today due to the marathon.
Will or Shall?
作為一般規則,對於有關未來的肯定句和否定句,使用「will」。對於請求也使用「will」。如果您想用 I/we 表達提議或建議,請在疑問形式中使用「shall」。對於非常正式的陳述,特別是用來描述義務的情況,使用「shall」。
現在您已經了解了「will」和「shall」之間的差異,您準備好使用它們了。通過嘗試我們的測驗來進行一些練習。此外,在接下來的幾天和幾周中,盡量在口語中多使用「will」和「shall」,因為這將幫助鞏固您所學的知識。